Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ Θεός· γενηθήτω στερέωμα ἐν μέσῳ τοῦ ὕδατος, καὶ ἔστω διαχωρίζον ἀνὰ μέσον ὕδατος καὶ ὕδατος. καὶ ἐγένετο οὕτως.
And God said, “Let there be a firmament in the midst of the water, and let it be a division between water and water.” And it was so.
ויאמר אלהים יהי רקיע בתוך המים ויהי מבדיל בין מים למים׃
* And it was so OR And thus it came into being
And God said, “Let there be a firmament in the midst of the waters, and let it divide the waters from the waters.” And it was so.
Morphology of the Septuagint
1. Καὶ (ke) (Erasmian: kai)
- Root: καί
- Form: Conjunction
- Lexical Meaning: “and”
- Contextual Notes: Connects phrases, introducing God’s command.
2. εἶπεν (ípen) (Erasmian: eipen)
- Root: λέγω
- Form: Verb, Aorist Active Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
- Parsing Details: Aorist tense, indicating a completed action in the past.
- Lexical Meaning: “said”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to God issuing a command.
3. ὁ (o) (Erasmian: ho)
- Root: ὁ
- Form: Definite Article, Nominative Singular Masculine
- Lexical Meaning: “the”
- Contextual Notes: Marks Θεός (God) as the subject.
4. Θεός (Theós) (Erasmian: Theós)
- Root: Θεός
- Form: Noun, Nominative Singular Masculine
- Parsing Details: Subject of εἶπεν (said).
- Lexical Meaning: “God”
- Contextual Notes: Identifies the deity issuing the command.
5. γενηθήτω (yenithíto) (Erasmian: genēthētō)
- Root: γίνομαι
- Form: Verb, Aorist Passive Imperative, 3rd Person Singular
- Parsing Details: Aorist imperative, indicating a command for something to happen.
- Lexical Meaning: “Let there be”
- Contextual Notes: Divine command for creation.
6. στερέωμα (steréoma) (Erasmian: steréōma)
- Root: στερέωμα
- Form: Noun, Accusative Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “firmament”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to the sky or structure separating the waters.
7. ἐν (en) (Erasmian: en)
- Root: ἐν
- Form: Preposition
- Lexical Meaning: “in”
- Contextual Notes: Indicates location, specifying the position of the firmament.
8. μέσῳ (méso) (Erasmian: mésōi)
- Root: μέσος
- Form: Noun, Dative Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “midst” or “middle”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to the position of the firmament among the waters.
9. τοῦ (tou) (Erasmian: toú)
- Root: ὁ
- Form: Definite Article, Genitive Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “the”
- Contextual Notes: Modifies ὕδατος (water).
10. ὕδατος (ídatos) (Erasmian: hýdatos)
- Root: ὕδωρ
- Form: Noun, Genitive Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “water”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to the primordial waters.
11. καὶ (ke) (Erasmian: kai)
- Root: καί
- Form: Conjunction
- Lexical Meaning: “and”
- Contextual Notes: Connects the command to let the firmament separate the waters.
12. ἔστω (ésto) (Erasmian: éstō)
- Root: εἰμί
- Form: Verb, Present Active Imperative, 3rd Person Singular
- Parsing Details: Imperative mood indicating a command for something to exist.
- Lexical Meaning: “let it be”
- Contextual Notes: Divine command for the firmament’s function.
13. διαχωρίζον (diakhōrízon) (Erasmian: diakhōrízōn)
- Root: διαχωρίζω
- Form: Participle, Present Active, Accusative Singular Neuter
- Parsing Details: Present participle describing the action of separating.
- Lexical Meaning: “dividing”
- Contextual Notes: Describes the function of the firmament in separating the waters.
14. ἀνὰ (aná) (Erasmian: aná)
-
- Root: ἀνά
- Form: Preposition
- Lexical Meaning: “between”
- Contextual Notes: Indicates division between two sets of waters.
15. μέσον (méson) (Erasmian: méson)
- Root: μέσος
- Form: Noun, Accusative Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “midst” or “middle”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to the central space or position in the division of waters.
16. ὕδατος (ídatos) (Erasmian: hýdatos)
- Root: ὕδωρ
- Form: Noun, Genitive Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “water”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to one part of the waters being divided.
17. καὶ (ke) (Erasmian: kai)
- Root: καί
- Form: Conjunction
- Lexical Meaning: “and”
- Contextual Notes: Connects the two groups of water mentioned in the division.
18. ὕδατος (ídatos) (Erasmian: hýdatos)
- Root: ὕδωρ
- Form: Noun, Genitive Singular Neuter
- Lexical Meaning: “water”
- Contextual Notes: Refers to the other part of the waters being divided by the firmament.
19. καὶ (ke) (Erasmian: kai)
- Root: καί
- Form: Conjunction
- Lexical Meaning: “and”
- Contextual Notes: Connects the command with the result of its fulfillment.
20. ἐγένετο (eyéneto) (Erasmian: egéneto)
- Root: γίνομαι
- Form: Verb, Aorist Middle Indicative, 3rd Person Singular
- Parsing Details: Aorist tense indicating completed action; middle voice showing occurrence.
- Lexical Meaning: “it was” or “it came to be”
- Contextual Notes: Indicates the fulfillment of God’s command.
21. οὕτως (oútos) (Erasmian: hoútōs)
- Root: οὕτως
- Form: Adverb
- Lexical Meaning: “thus” or “so”
- Contextual Notes: Emphasizes that the command was fulfilled exactly as stated.
Other Greek Versions
Gen 1:6 [Aquila of Sinope]
και ειπεν ο Θεος· γενηθητω στερεωμα εν μεσω των υδατων, και εστω διαχωριζον μεταξυ υδατων εις υδατα.
Gen 1:6 [Symmachus]
και ειπεν ο Θεος· γενηθητω στερεωμα εν μεσω υδατων, και εστω διαχωριζον εν μεσω υδατος και εις υδωρ.
Gen 1:6 [Theodotion]
και ειπεν ο Θεος· γενηθητω στερεωμα εν μεσω υδατος, και εσται διαχωριζον αναμεσον υδατος εις υδατα.
Septuagint Manuscripts
Gen 1:6 [Codex Alexandrinus (A) (5th century)]1c1
Καὶ εἶπεν ὁ ΘC Γενηθήτω στερέωμα ἐν μέσω τοῦ ὕδατος καὶ ἔστω διαχωρίζον ἀνὰ μέσον ὕδατος καὶ ὕδατος· καὶ ἐγένετο οὕτως
Critical Apparatus :
LXX Editions:
-
- Robert Holmes (1798)
- Paul Anton de Lagarde (1868)
- Tischendorf-Nestle (1880)
- Henry Barclay Swete (1887)
- Cambridge (Alan England Brooke & Norman McLean) (1906)
